Australia experienced a marginal increase in greenhouse gas emissions in 2024, reversing a decade-long downward trend. The uptick comes as the federal government faces criticism for extending the life of a major liquefied natural gas (LNG) project, igniting debate over the country’s climate commitments.
Emissions on the Rise
According to The Guardian, data released on May 30, 2025, shows that emissions rose by 0.05% in 2024, totaling 446.4 million tonnes of carbon dioxide. The increase stems largely from a 2.2% rise in emissions from electricity generation and a surge in domestic air travel and diesel vehicle use. These figures mark a shift from a 10-year trend of falling emissions in the power sector.
Controversial LNG Project Extension
Days before the emissions report was released, Environment Minister Murray Watt approved a 40-year extension for Woodside Energy’s North West Shelf LNG facility in Western Australia. The project, now greenlit to operate until 2070, is among the nation’s highest industrial emitters and is responsible for roughly 1.4% of Australia’s annual carbon output.
The move has triggered criticism from environmentalists, Indigenous leaders, and opposition lawmakers. Detractors argue that the decision contradicts Australia’s obligations under the Paris Agreement and poses a threat to the Murujuga cultural landscape, home to ancient Aboriginal rock art. UNESCO has raised concerns that expanded industrial activity could endanger the area’s World Heritage candidacy.
Government Justification and Public Backlash
Prime Minister Anthony Albanese defended the project, describing natural gas as a transitional energy source that supports renewable integration and energy reliability. However, critics argue that the decision undermines the government’s goal of reducing emissions by 43% from 2005 levels by 2030.
The controversy also exposes gaps in Australia’s environmental law, which does not currently require climate impact assessments for project approvals. Legal challenges are expected, with Indigenous groups and environmental advocates preparing to oppose the extension.
Looking Ahead
Preliminary data from early 2025 suggests emissions may resume their downward trajectory. Still, the 2024 increase highlights Australia’s ongoing struggle to align economic growth with environmental sustainability. The approval of fossil fuel projects despite international climate commitments underscores the need for a comprehensive overhaul of national energy and environmental regulations.
As Australia charts its course toward a net-zero future, balancing industrial development with ecological preservation will remain a central challenge for policymakers and communities alike.
