The conflict between Israel and Hamas continued throughout 2025, accompanied by reports of widespread displacement, damage to infrastructure, and a deepening humanitarian crisis across the Gaza Strip. The Palestinian Ministry of Health in Gaza has reported that since the conflict began in October 2023, 70,669 Palestinians have been killed and 171,165 have been wounded.
Throughout the year, a series of events highlighted the conditions within the territory. In January, after Israel restored access to the northern part of the enclave, large numbers of displaced Palestinians were seen moving north along the coastline. By February, images from Beit Lahiya showed tents for displaced persons set up amidst the rubble of buildings damaged during Israeli air and ground operations.
The humanitarian situation remained a central focus of reports. The Palestinian Ministry of Health in Gaza stated that at least 475 people, including 165 children, died from malnutrition during the year. In May, residents were photographed at a community kitchen in Jabalia receiving food. By July, reports from a school serving as a shelter detailed cases of malnutrition, including among children with pre-existing medical conditions. In December, heavy rainfall led to flooding in camps for displaced people in Deir el-Balah, further affecting living conditions.
Israeli military operations and their aftermath were documented across Gaza. In April, an Israeli airstrike in Beit Lahiya resulted in the deaths of several members of the Abu Mahdi family, according to funeral reports. In June, an Israeli strike on the as-Saftawi neighborhood in northern Gaza led to rescue efforts for individuals, including a child, from a destroyed home. An airstrike on a high-rise building in Gaza City was reported in September.
Journalists operating in the region were also affected. In August, an Israeli airstrike killed multiple journalists, including Al Jazeera correspondents Anas al-Sharif and Mohammed Qreiqeh. A funeral for them was held outside al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza City.
Towards the end of the year, there were developments related to a cessation of hostilities. On Oct. 10, a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas went into effect, coinciding with the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Khan Younis in southern Gaza. Following the ceasefire, on Nov. 10, Gaza’s Health Ministry announced it had received the bodies of 15 Palestinian prisoners from Israel as part of an exchange. Mass burials were subsequently held at a cemetery in Khan Younis.
